2. Gambir

Gambir is a genus of plants belonging to the Rubiaceae family. In Indonesia, gambir is commonly used for chewing betel leaves. Its more important uses include as a tanning agent for leather and as a dye. Gambir also contains catechin, a natural antioxidant compound.

  • Oral Health
    Gambir is often used as a main ingredient in traditional mouthwash due to its antiseptic properties that help maintain oral and dental health.

  • Leather Tanning
    Gambir is also used in the leather tanning process to produce stronger and more durable leather.
     
  • Natural Dye
    Gambir can be used as a natural dye for textiles.
     
  • Traditional Medicine
    In traditional medicine, gambir is often used to treat various health issues such as diarrhea, burns, and inflammation.

  • Betel Mixture: In Indonesia, gambir is often mixed with betel leaves for chewing.

  • Male Strengthener (Gambir Siam): Products like Gambir Siam, made from gambir tree sap, are used as natural topical ointments to enhance stamina and endurance in men during intimacy, applied to the head of the penis.

  • Food and Beverage Ingredient: Some traditional foods and drinks use gambir as an additive.